In the grammar stage of learning, the focus is on breaking new concepts down to the required fundamental skills or facts and mastering them through memorizing jingles, chants, and songs. Instruction focuses on scripture memorization, grammar, phonics and spelling rules, math facts, early Latin vocabulary, pivotal historical dates, and handwriting skills. Young children enjoy learning through singing, chanting, and repeating. The skills learned, facts memorized, and information retained throughout the grammar stage of learning is foundational to the logic and rhetoric stages.